Machine tool



Jan 25, 1938.

lA. M. JOHNSON MACHINE TOOL Filed Nov. 29,' 1935 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 ONEJS Jan. 25, 1938. A. M. JoHNsoN MACHINE TOOL Filed Nov. 29,A 1935 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 ww mm w Nwvn@ W@ ...wf 6.

Jan. 25, 1938..

A. M. JOHNSON v MACHINE T001..

Filed Nov. 29, 1935 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 NVENTOQ/ Cflber ATTomBys Jan. 25, 1938;

vA. M. JOHNSON 2,106,217 f lMAGHINE: T901.

Filed Nov. 29,' 419255 5 ASheets-Sheet 5 l I 542 l NVENTOIL C14/bn UW. (johnson A7 ILL., Qui-a., Kiwa @QTToQ-w Eys Patented Jan.. 25,1938

MACHlNE TOOL.

Albert M. Johnson, Rockford, 111., signor to' Barnes Drill Co., Rockford, Ill., a corporation of Illinois Applioanon November' ze, 1935, serial No. 52,105

3s claims. (o1. 51534) The invention relates to a machine tool for operating' on the internal surfaces of hollow cylinders or tubes of substantial length, and more particularly to a machine tool for finishing such'V 5 cylinders to exact dimensions and for producing a very smooth, true nish on the surface thereof. The accurate finishing of the internal surface of hollow cylinders or' tubes is most effectively accomplished by honing or lapping operations in which a lne, cylindrical abrasiveltool, commonly termed a hone or lap, is-`r'epeatedly passed over the surface to be nished. As is characteristic of any abrasive finishing operation, the finished surface' will be marked by minute grooves or A striae hereinafter referred to by the latter term representing the' cuts made by individual grains of the abrasive comprising the tool; The dimensions of the striae are dependent, of course, upon `the size of the abrasive grains, and in any case are of microscopic proportions.

operation, the tool is simultaneously reciprocated and rotated while operating on the work. Thus the striae representing the cuts of the individual grains of theV abrasive are helical'in form and those produced by one stroke of the tool are intersected at an angle by those produced by the alter-v n'ate stroke of the tool resulting in a crosshatch effect which is 'highly'.l advantageous for many types of work. In the longitudinalhoning u or straight line lapping without rotation', v,the tool is reciprocated. and, during this reciprocation, is

, indexed intermittently, that is, by partial rotation or a small are of spacing at one or both ends of the operating stroke in orderto bring different surfacesof the tool and work into engagement in each operating stroke. The striae-produced by the individual abrasive grainsare. thus substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis ofthe work. The particular operationto be employed upon 40 a given piece of work will depend upon the character of the work being operated upon and likewise upon the specific `type of surfaceilnish desired. 'In finishing certain classes of work, as for example recoil and recuperator-cylinders suchas 47, are employed in guncarriages, an absolutely true and uniform surface such as is provided by the honing operation isessential. At the same time,

v`it may bedesirablethatthe striae formed' by the individual abrasive grains be paralleLto the longi- 50 tudinal axis of the cylinder in ordento reduce the wear on-the relatively soft piston rings ordinarily employed. Accordingly. work of this character may be most conveniently finished by a combination of the two operations, the surface ilrst being' 5;, trued and finished approximately to size by a In the honing` honing operation and then finally straight line lapped to produce the longitudinal striae. On account of the different operating requirements involved in honing and straight line lapping, respectively, it has heretofore been customary to 5 provide separate machines for the two operations. It is an object of the present invention to provide a machine bywhich both the honing and straight line lapping operations may lbe performed emciently and accurately, thus requiring only a single 10 setting-up of the work with a resultant speeding up ofthefin'ishing operation and'a definite reduction inthe cost thereof.

Another object is to provide an improved tool reciprocating Qmechanism for a honing and lap- 16 ping machine whereby-the tools may be recipro- 'cated at high speed with substantially no vibra- `tion and with a minimum of shock incident to the change in direction of tool movement.

Another object is to providean improved tool4 20 rest for honing or lapping machines of the horizontal type which is readily adjustable to insure accurate positioning of the tool with respect to the work,I and which provides convenient access to the tool, thus facilitating inspection and ad- 25 justment thereof.

'Another object is to provide an'improved honing and lapping machine adapted to operate on relatively long cylinders or tubes supported in horizontal position, .and which is equipped with 30 control mechanism of an advantageous character whereby Vthe operation of the 'machine may be interrupted automaticallyafter the tool has been reciprocated through a predetermined number of strokes. 35

Still another object is to provide a combined honing and straight line lapping machine having selectively operable means for imparting continukcontrol means whereby the mechanism may be readily adapted to index the tool' spindle at either or both ends of thel reciprocatory stroke.

Other objects and advantages will become apparent from the following description taken in vconnection with the accompanying drawings, in

which: Y

Figure 1 is an elevational view of a .machine embodying .the features of the invention. o Fig. 271s a partial plan -view bof the machine shown -in Fig. 1. i

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Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of the spindle driving mechanism taken on the line 3--3 of Fig. 2.

Fig. -4 is a transverse sectional view ofthe spindle indexing mechanism taken on the line 4-4 of Fig. 3. y 4 Fig. 5 is a view, partly in section, of a part of the control mechanism. Y

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary plan View showing a;

part ofthe spindle stroke-counting mechanism and the automatic control mechanism.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken alongthe line 1-1 of Fig.y 6, showing a part of thecontrol rod actuating mechanism.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line' 8-8 of Fig. 6, showing the restoring mechanism associated with the control rod of the strokecounting mechanism.

Fig. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view through the base of the machine showing the mechanism by which the tool spindle carriage is recipro-I cated.

Fig. 10 is a view, partly in section showing the cable drum and associated parts of the spindle carriage reciprocating mechanism.

Fig.- 11 is a longitudinal sectional view of the tool rest with a honing tool shown in position thereon.

' Fig. 12 is a transverse sectional view 'of a honing tool'and the tool rest.A

Fig. 13 is a detail view partly in section fof. a

. machine showing-their relationship to the meappended claims.

Generally stated, the machine asA illustrated herein comprises an elongated supporting frame or base upon one end of. which is mounted the work supporting fixtures and the tool rest. The work supporting fixtures are preferably adjustableso as to accommodate Work pieces of diier'- ent sizes and to facilitate the setting-up of. the work in position to be operated on by the tool.

The tool rest isalso adjustable to insure'accurate positioning of the tool when the same is being inserted in or withdrawn from thework.

The other end of the base is provided with horiz ontally disposed tracks or'ways for a reciprocating spindle head o'r carriage which operatively supports the tool spindle. At this^end of the base are also located the various driving mech- 'anisms and control devices. AThe driving mechanism includeshydraulically actuated means for reciprocating the spindle carriage .and means for rotating and indexing'the toolspindle, the latter being operatively connected with the tool spindle disclosed comprises anv elongated hollow'frame by a splined drive shaft.

' More specifically stated, the machine herein' or base' consisting, in'the present instance, of a main base section I3 and an extension or Aciutboard base section I4 secured together at adja- "15 cent ends, as shown in Fig. 1. The base section I4 carries suitable work supporting fixtures I5 for supporting work such as a cylinder I6 to be operated on'by the machine, 'and avtool rest generally designated Il for 'supporting the tool when withdrawn from the work, and for guiding the tool into and out of operative relation with the work. The base section I4 also carries a coolant directing fixture I8 adjustable with respect to the work, by which coolant is directed into the interiorof the work to prevent excessive heating of the same. Coolant may be conveniently supplied to the directingfixture I8 by a suitable pump, I9 through aduct or tube 20 which is preferably of flexible construction to facilitate adjustment ofthe fixture. In the preferred embodiment, an'electric motor 2| is provided for driving the pump 20. A convenient location for acoolant settling tank U22, a filter 23, and a sump or reservoir 24; is provided within theholloW base section I4.

Incorporated in the main base section I3 are.

carried on opposite -sides of the base and extending longitudinally thereof.l Any suitable means of supporting the carriage on the ways may be employed, a preferred means being the arrangement shown in my copending application Serial No. 3,714, led January 28, 1935. Brieiiy, the preferred supporting means comprises suitably shaped roller members, indicated at 28, adapted to project downwardly lfrom the spindle carriage to engage the rails 2'I and thus hold the carriage firmly against lateral movement or vvibration ,while offering a minimum of frictional resistance to carriage reciprocation.

I'he tool spindle 26 is suitably supported at one end by an elongated bearing 29 formed substani shank 3l ofany suitable construction. An operative connection between the spindle 26 and a .splined drive shaft 32 bywhich rotary movement is imparted to the spindle isprovided by a gear train including a driving gear 3|)a slidabiy mounted on the shaft.32 and splined thereto, and a driven gear 3| keyed to the end of the tool spindle 26.

Reciprocation of thel spindle carriage may be eifected by any suitable means as, for example.`

a lhydraulically operated drum and cable mechanism as shown in Figs. 9 and 10. This mechanism comprises generally a grooved cable, drum 33 journaled in a housing 34 mounted on one end ofthe base section I3. The drum 33 may be rotated either forwardly or backwardlyby a reversible rotary hydraulic motor 35 which is oper- .atively connected with the drum through a'suitthe drum A33 in one hirection moves the carriage 25 toward one end of the base, and rotation of the'drum in theiother direction, moves the carriage toward the other end of the base. This .type of reciprocating mechanism is Acharacterized -by itsvsmooth'and shockless operation, which is B 4l meshes with the gear 49 which, with the terminal gear l0. is fast on va shaft I4. The

. modem;y highly advantageous in precision 'flnishingjcperations such as honing and lapping for which the present machineis designed.

Pressure iluid for operating thehydraulic motor l! .is preferably supplied by a low-pressure fluid pump 39 adapted to be'continuously driven by'an l `electric motor .40. Control of the hydraulic motor' tion -II as the cable drum 3l. and the upper portionof thadrum housing 34 may be conveniently formed to .constitute a supporting base `43'i'or thedriving means. By thus mounting the drivstantially immediately upon pressure fluidv being' isupplied thereto-that is, the piston` is yshifted 'through its full stroke beforethe motor 35 being mechanism on the base rather than on the t spindle carriage 25, the weight of thereciprocating parts is 4substantially reduced so that the lspindle carriage may be reciprocated at relatively high. speeds without excessive vibration or shockband without.subjecting the various parts of the machine to undue wear or strain. l

The tool spindle driving mechanism 42 comprises two separate drive means, one actuated by 'a motor 44 for imparting continuous rotation to the spindle, and one actuated hydraulically, in timed relation to spindle reciprocation, for im' parting intermittent rotative movement to -the spindle. The 'two driving means are selectively rendered operative throughv the medium of a connecting element 4U (Figs. 3 and 13) in continuous driving relation with the spindle but manually shiftable into operative relation to one i or the other of the two drive means, the arrangement being such that only one drive means can be placed in 'operation at any time.

To drive the spindle continuously from the motor 44, I provide agear train which. in the present instance, is designed to give a substantial reduction in speed between the motorshait and the terminal gear of the train. Referring more particularly to*Fig..3 oi' the drawings, the gear .train asshown herein comprises a driving gear 44, intermediate gears 41, 48 and 49 andI a terminal gear It. Gear 48 isfast on one end of a shaft il, the other end of the shaft beingfdrivingly connected ywith the motor shaft by a coupling 4member B2. The gears "and 48v are keyed to opposite ends of a shaft Il, gear 41 preferably being in the form of anl internal spur gear and adapted to engage with the driving gear 48. Gear -shafts Il, and I4 are journaled in bearings I4 carried on suitable supports formed on the interior walls" of a sectional casing i6 enclosing the gear train. The terminal -gear 50 is engageable by a spur. gear 51 formed on onegend of'the connecting element 4B when the element is shifted to the left as viewed in Fig. 3'.-- Thus a driving connection-'between the motor 44 and spindle 24 is completed through the gear-"train, connecting element 45 and drive shaft 32 whereby the' spindle is rotated continuously by the motor.

. The means for imparting step-by-step or indexing movement to the tool spindle 2l in timed relationto the reoiprocation thereof comprises a.

lplunger llfFigsQi and 14) 'actuated by a hydraulic piston li and cylinder i2 and adapted to be operatively associated'with the connecting eleit will be observed piment 4l.' Referring tong. 14,

that the cylinder is connected in the hydraulic circuit in parallel with the `hydraulic motor 35 by which the spindle carriage is reciprocated. .Thus the piston will be' shifted in one. direction whenthe motor. is operated in one direction, and will be shifted in the opposite directionwhen the motor is reversed. The hydraulic mechanism is preferably so arranged and constructed that the shifting of the piston 8| is effected subconies effective to start reciprocation of the spine die carriage.

The operative connection betwen'the plunger 40 and the connecting element 45 is provided by` a pawl and ratchet mechanism as shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 13. This mechanism includes a pair of gears 63 and 64 -rotatively supported on the shaft 32 and adapted to be rotated in opposite directions incident to the movement of the plunger 60.

Vthe gear 64. -It will `he apparent that the movement of the plunger will rotate gears 63 and 8,4 simultaneously but in opposite directions. More specifically. when the plunger is shifted to the right. yas viewed. in Fig. 4, gear 63 will be rotated in a .clockwise direction while gear 64 rotates in the opposite direction. When the plunger is shifted to the left the direction of rotation of the gears will be reversed. Accordingly, one or the other of the gears will always be rotated in a clockwise direction in each stroke of the plunger 00.

Referring particularly to Fig. 3, it will be seen that the gears 63 and `84 are disposed on opposite sides of a ratchet wheel 61 formed on one end of a sleeve member 6B. The sleeve 68 is rotatably mounted on thedrive shaft 32. and gear 64, in turn, is rotatably supported on the sleeve with one ATo this end the plungeris provided with teeth 65 x face abutting against the shoulder formed by the ratchet wheel. Gear 63 is rotatably mounted on the shaft 32 with one face abutting against the ratchet end of the sleeve. Unidirectional rotative movement is impartedto the sleeve 88 by the gears il' and 64 through 'the medium of pawls carried by the gears and engageable with the ratchet wheel i1. To this end a pawl 89 (Figs. 3 and 4) is pivotally mounted on the inner face of the gear N and disposed so as to operatively engage the teeth of the ratchet 81. Avsimilar pawl 10 (Figs..4 and'13) pivotally mounted on the inner face of the gear 44 also engages the teeth of the ratchet. The pawls are yieldably held in engagement with the ratchet teeth by means of suitable springs 1I. As can be seen in Fig. 4, the

. teeth of the ratchet wheel are faced so that the the-sleeve 6l through slightly more than one-fifth of a r'evolution for reasons to be pointed out hereinafter. y.iiciiustment of the plunger stroke to obtain the desired amount of rotation of the sleeve may be convenientlyv effected through the medium of an adiusting screw `Il adapted to u and limit transmitted to the drive shaft 32 and thus to the tool spindle 26 is provided by the connecting element 45, as hereinbefore indicated. To this end, the element 45, which is in the form of a sleeve l splined to thedrive shaft 32, is formed at one end` with teeth 16 (Fig. 13) adapted to engage complementary teeth 11 formed` on the adjacent end' of the sleeve 68. In order to operatively engage these teeth, the connecting member must be shifted to the right as viewed inFigs. 3 and 13` whereby the gearA 51 is disengaged from the terminal gear of the spindle rotating mechanism.- Thus, only one of the spindle driving means can be connected. in driving relation with the tool spindle 26 at any time and this connection is selectively` effected by shifting the connecting member 45 to the left or right as'prequired.

.As shown herein, the connecting member 45 is shifted by ymeans of a manually operable lever 18 (Figs. 1 and 13) 'I'he lever 18 is fast on one end of a transverse shaft 19 journaled ina suitable bearing 80 formedv in the wall of the housing 56.

.Fast on the other end of the shaft 19 is an operating arm 8| having a projecting pin 82 adapted to ride in a peripheralfgroov 83 formed in the connecting member 45. ,Preferably the lever 19 andnoperating arm 8| are set with respect to each other so that,when the lever is in a .vertical position, the connecting member 45 will be held in an vintermediate or neutral position in whichboth of the driving means will be disconnected from the drive shaft. By rockingthe lever 18 to the left as viewed in Fig. 1, connecting member 45 is shifted to the left to engage the gear 51 with the terminal gear 50 of the spindle rotating means which accordingly, rotates the tool spindle 'scontinuously. When the leverv 18 is rocked in the reverse direction, the spindle rotating means is disconnected and the teethof the driving member 45 and indexing sleeve 68 are engaged to complete a driving connection whereby intermittent rotative movement is imparted to the tool spindle.

' 'As a, means of insuringthe greatestpossible smoothness and uniformity of.l the finished-surface, the indexing means is arranged so as to eiectually minimize any characteristic markings which theindividual abrasive stones of the tool may leave upon the work. To thisend, provision formly that is, the tool is periodically indexed V through' 'agreater angle than usual so that the individual stones will follow a previously traversed I teeth'13 which are substantially shorter than the path onlyafter the tool'has been reciprocated through, a relatively large number ofv strokes. Thus repetition of the tool markings in any one placel with ar'esultant enlargement thereof is avoided.

In the embodiment herein disclosed, non-uniform indexing is obtained by reason ofthe particular arrangement of thel teeth of the ratchet wheel Gland the coordination therewithof the stroke of the plunger 60. Asy shown in Fig. 4, the teeth of the ratchet wheel are arranged in fivesubstantially equi-angular, groups separated by teeth 12 which, measured circumferentially of .the ratchet wheel, arerelatively lo g. Four of the groups ofteeth are similar a d include two teeth 12. The fifth group comprises three teeth 14.r Theseiteeth occupy. approximately the 'same spaces as two of the teeth 13 and are therefore substantially lshorter than the latterteeth.' As can also be seen in Fig. 4, the angular spacing of the pawls 69'and 10 at their extreme positions at the end of a stroke of the plunger is slightly greater than the angle dened by any group of ratchet teeth. This spacing, of course, can'be varied as desired by adjusting the length o f the plunger stroke by means of the adjusting screw 18. To obtainnon-uniform indexing, the pawls are preferably so spaced that when any one of the four similar groups of teeth are opposite the starting position of the pawl, the pawl will ride over the first short tooth and operativelyengage the long tooth of the group as shown in Fig. 4. vWhen the fifth or odd group of-teeth are opposite the starting position, the pawl will drop over and engage the first short tooth 14 sothat the ratchet wheel will be rotated through a substantially greater angle than in the previous steps. A similar advancement of the pawl over one tooth of the odd group takes place in each succeeding revolution of the ratchet wheel until the, last tooth of the group is reached whereupon the complete cycle of Voperations is repeated. Thus, the ratchet wheel is advanced in non-uniform steps and, through the medium of the connecting element 45 and drive shaft 32, imparts a non-uniform step-by-step rotative indexing movemen to the tool spindle'26. In vsome instances it may be desirable to index the tool on4 alternate strokes rather than at the end of each stroke. To this end, means are provided for disabling one or the other of the indexing pawls selectively. As shown herein (Figs. 3 and 4) theepawl disabling means comprises .a pair of cam plates 84 and 84 in the form of elongated rectangular plates having suitable cam surfaces formed at one end. The cam plates are slidably supported in the housing 56 for horizontal movement whereby the cam surfaces may be moved into or out of the paths of the respective pawls 69 and 10. Thus, cam lplate 84, when shifted to the right as viewed in Fig. 4, will have its cam surface interposed in the path of the pawly 69, tilting the pawl'out of operative engagement with the ratchet wheel 61 so that no movement will be imparted to the sleeve 68 upon rotation of the gear'63. Cam plate 84a controls the pawl 10 in the same manner to prevent an operative conne ion between gear 84 and the ratchet wheel 6 .5' For convenient manipulation, the cam plates are formed to provide a suitable yhandle or grip 85. Means in the form of a yieldable detent 85a is provided for maintaining each cam plate in either of its two set positions.

As above indicated, in both the honing andv lappingyoperations the tool is reciprocated in the work by means of the hydraulically actuated drum and cable mechanism hereinbefore described. For: controlling this reciprocating mechanism andtrol means is of the same general character asthat shown and described in detail in my copending application Serial No. 3,714. Referring to Figs. 1 and 2, it will be observed that'a manual control lever 88 for starting vand stopping the -various ydriving mechanisms is located substantially centrally of the machine .for Vconvenient manipulation by the attendant. As shown in Flg. 5, the manual lever 861s pivoted at`81 on a projecting flange 88 of a sleeve member.89' for movement' through an arc inv a plane transversely of thelongitudinal axis of the machine.

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movement the lever serves to reciprocate a plunger 90 to actuatethe spindle motorstarting and stopping switches 9| and 92.

The sleeve 89 upon which the manual leverl is carried is rotatably supported on the base I3 -in a suitable bearing 93 secured to the base. It will be apparent thatthe sleeve 89 may be rotated by rocking the manual lever 86 in4 a plane parallel to the axis of the base. This movement of the control lever is utilized to start and stop the reciprocation of the tool spindle through the medium of suitable link mechanism including a lever arm 94 fast on the inner end of the sleeve 89. AA link 95 pivotally-connected at one end to the arm provides an operative connection with one arm -of a bell crank lever 96 (Fig. 6) pivota'ily supported on a bracket 91 mounted within the base I3 at a point opposite thevalve mechanism 4| (Fig. 2). A transverse `linkl 98 connects betwe'en the other arm of lever 93 and a control-- valve 99 (Fig. 14) by which the flow of pressure fluid to the hydraulic motor 35 and indexing cylinder v82 is controlled. Rocking the manual lever -88 to the left, as viewed in Fig. 1, serves to open the valve 99 whereby pressure fluid is supplied to the spindle reciprocating niotor 35 and cylinder 52; Reverse movement of the control lever closes the valve 99 and thereby interrupts the reciprocation of the4 tool spindle.

For effecting the reversalY of the spindle reciprocating motor 35 at the end of the spindle stroke,

i reversing mechanismof well known construction vmay be employed. As herein shown, this mechanism includes a slidably supported control rod- (Figs. 2, 5 and- 6) carrying adjustable stops(y |02, |03 and |09. Stops |02 and. |03 are preferably set to define the extreme limits of the spin- Y ,die stroke and stopl 04 may be set to define,`with stop |02, the limits of the working stroke. The

stops'are positioned 'so as to'be engaged by a projecting lug |05 on the spindle carriage 25 as the carriage approaches the respective limits in itsy travel. The control rod lli] is thus alternately shifted to the left or right and, through the medium of a cam` block |06 (Figs. 6 andfl4) and associated link |01, actuates a reversing valve |08 (Fig. 14) to control the supply of pressure fluid to Cil pump 39 by the motor the spindle reciprocating motor 35. This control is effected through the medium of'a hydraulicallyv actuated reversing valve |09 interposed in the hydraulic circuit between the pressure fluid-pump 39 and the motor 35. The valve |09 is preferably supp led with pressure fluid by a high-pressure pump 39 driven in tandem with the low-pressure 40.v Thus the valveis rapidly shifted from open to closed position and vice versa upon the valve |08 being set to direct pressure fluid into one end or the other of the valve |09.

To insure the utmost uniformity and accuracy of the finished product, th'e machine comprising lthe present invention is provided with automatic control devices supplementing the manual control devices above described. Preferably the automatic devices include means for counting the number. of times the tool is passed over the work* that is, the tool strokes,and for automatically stopping the machine at the end of a predetervmatic control devices are'arranged to bring the tool rto rest within the ,work when the machine is automatically stopped. To this end there is procontrol rod ||0 to stop vided anauxiliary control rod I0 (Figs. 2 and 6) adapted to cooperate ywith the spindle carriage and certain of the control devices to stop the machine independent of the main control rod |0|.

Referring particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, it will be observed that the auxiliary control rod ||0 is slidably supported parallel to the main control rod |0| adjacent the upper edge of the base. Control rod ||0 is provided with single adjustable stop which, in its normal position, is tilted out of the path of the rug |05 as shown in Fig.

5. The stop is provided with a downwardly extending arm ||2, which, when the stop is rotated into a vertical position, lies in the path of a stud ||3 projecting rearwardly from the flange of the sleeve 89. Thus the spindle 'carriage 25 through the mediurn of the lug |05 and stop is enabled in its return movement to shift the4 control rod ||0 to the right (as viewed in Fig. 2) and to rock the sleeve 89 in a clockwise direction. As hereinbefore explained, the rocking of sleeve 89 `in this direction operates to s top the spindle carriage reciprocation mechanism through theV medium of the link 95 and stop valve 99. Thus, y

the tool reciprocation may be automatically interrupted by rocking the control rod I0 through a small angle so as to rotate the stop into operativeA position.

The mechanism for automatically rocking the the reciprocation of the tool and for returning the control rod to normal position 'after this operation is shown in detail in Figs. 6, '7 and 8. Referring flrst'to Fig. 6, it will be observed that the control rod ||0 is provided with a tubular extension Ill jornaled in spaced bearings H5 carried by a yoke IIB mountled on the base |3. vA hollow cylindrical guide member abutting -against a stop H1* is arranged to telescope into the tubular' member Ill and a compression spring I I8 enclosed within the members tends togforce the control rod ||0 to the leit.- A rod |9 anchored at one end to the control rod ||0 and extending coaxially through the spring ||8 is engageable by an adjusting screw |20'to linut the movement of the control rod' in one direction. It will be apparent that when the control rod ||0 is shifted to the right by the spindle carriage as above described, tubular member ||l will also shift to the right, thereby compressing the `spring ||8 and storing suiilclent energy to return the control rod to normal position upon the stop I being disengaged from the spindle carriage, thus insuring a positive restoration of the control rod.

Engagement and disengagement of the stop and the spindle-carriage is eiected by rotation of the 'control rod |`|0about its axis. Automatic ro tation of the control rod is provided in the present instance by a solenoid |2| (Figs. 6, 7 and 14) under control of a stroke counter |22 which is operatively associated with the spindle carriage reciprocation controlling mechanism. To this end, the core of the solenoid is operatively connected by means of a link |23 with a crank arm |23a having a sleeveportion splined to the tubular shaftextension H4. Thus when the solenoid is energized, theextension ||4 and control rod 0 are rocked in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in Fig. '7 or inaha clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 5 and stop 'I is interposed in the path of the spindle carriage lug |05.

'I'he stroke counter |22 may be of the same general type as that disclosed in my prior Patent No. 1,945,045, granted January 30, 1934. For registering the strokes of the tool spindle, the counter is .provided with avcounting shaft |22a carrying an operating arm ,l22b adapted to be engaged by the cam plate |06 when the plate is shifted by f the spindle carriage incident to its reciprocation.4

When the strokes registered by the counter reach; a predetermined number as determined by the? setting thereof, closure of a switch |2|la (Fig. v14) completes an energizing circuit for the solenoid |2| with a resultant stoppage of the machine i as hereinbefore explained. f

The resettingof the stroke counter to norma or zero position and the stopping of the spindle drive and reciprocating motors is effected automatically by the shifting of control rod ||0 to the left and right respectively. Thus, when the control rod is shifted to the right by reason of the stop engaging the spindle carriage, valve 99 is actuated to interrupt the supply of pressure fluid to motor 35 and the reciprocation of the.

spindle carriage is stopped as hereinbefore explained. As the same time, a switch |24 (Figs. 6 and 14) is actuated to open the circuit Vof the spindle driving motor 44. The stroke counter |22 is` reset to zero position'by the actuation of a resetting shaft |24a incident to the shifting of co trol rod ||0 back to its normal position under 11e influence of the spring H8.

The actuation `,of the switch |24 and theresety ting ofv the stroke counter may be conveniently effected through the medium of a control bar |25 (Fig. 6) slidably supported on a bracket' |26 carried by the frame I3 and operatively connected with the control rod |0-by means of a yoke member '|21 (Fig. 8). The yoke member |21 is pro-. vided at one end with two spaced sleeves |20 through which the a collar |29 fast on the rod between the two sleeves |28.

| |0 and interposed Control rod |I0 is free to rotate in the sleeves |28` within predeterminedlimits but is normally Aheld with the stop v| in the positionshown in Fig. 5. To maintain the normal position of the control rod, the member 21 isprovided with a pair of spring plungers |30 engaging arms' |3| projecting from opposite sides of the collar' |29 as shown in Fig. 8 Thus when the rod 0 is `rocked in either direction, one of the plungers |30 is actuated to compress its Aassociated spring and thereby store up sufficient energy to rock the rod -back to normal is de energized. f

The various control devices are also provided pOsition when the solenoid |2| with means permitting 'manual actuation when'l desired. .Control rod ||0, for example, is manually rotatable by means of the lever member l0a whereby the stop II may be moved into or out of the path of the lug |05 at will. `In the case y of the main control rod |06, a manual gripping member |06a provides means' whereby the rod may be rocked to tilt the .intermediate stop |04 out o1 the path of the' lug |05 and thus vpermit the spindle carriage to move to its extreme posi-v tion and retract the tool, from vthe work. This y' control is ordinarily' employed when setting up the work and for withdrawing the'tool from `the work onto the tool rest I1.

Reference has been made heretofore to the .adjustable tool rest and guide I1 by which the tool 30 is supported when withdrawn from the work and guided into and out of operative relation .to the work. In the preferredform as shown control rod ||0 projects and.. the bar is rotatively anchored to the member by The other end of 1 .the member |21 is secured to the control bar |25 in Figs. 11 and 12, the tool rest l1 includes a generally semi-cylindrical cradle 32 adapted to receive the honing or lappingtool 30 when the tool is withdrawn.l 'I'he semi-cylindrical construction of the cradle .permits ready access to the tool for adjustment or inspection `without necessitating its disconnection from the tool spindle. I

The cradle |32 is carried by a base |33 slidably mounted on ways |34 formedalong .the upper edge ofasupporting block |35 (Fig. 1) mounted on the' base section |4. Movement Aof the base |33 to position the cradle |32 longitudinally .with respect toi the work 'I6 is effected by means of alpinion |36 engaging a rack |31 formed on the underside of the base |34, the pinion being fast on a shaft |36a manually operable in any convenient manner.

In precision-finishing operations such as those `performed by the machine herein illustrated, it is essential that the tool be withdrawn from or inserted in th'eworkwithout tilting toavoid any -chance of marring the work or 4enlarging the mouth thereof. To this end, means are provided for alining the cradle accurately with respect to the surface of the work. As shown herein, this means takes the form of inclined dovetailed slot connections |38 between the cradle. |32 and the ends of the. base |33 whereby the elevation of vthe cradle with respect to the work can be readily adjusted by a slight shifting of the cradle relative to the base. Adjustment is' facilitated and maintained by adjusting screws |39 threaded into lugs |39a depending from the' cradle and bearing against upstanding ribs ,|33a formed substantially centrally of the slots at each end of the base member 33. Thus, by loosening one screw and taking up the other screw an equal amount, cradle |32 may be raised orv lowered -to coincide exactly with the surface of the work and thereby insure the entry or removal of the tool without injury p ||4 and coolant pump motor 2| are connected in `multiple-to one side of a three-pole switch |40.v

A branch ,|4| of a line |42 leading from any suitable'source offelectrical power terminates on the other side of the switch.I |40. Any. suitable means may be emplyed for actuating the switch |40, a preferred means comprise a solenoid |43 arlranged to close the switch wren energized. Deenergization of fthe solenoid permits the switch to open by gravity orunder the inuence of aspring as desired.

For convenient starting and stopping of the motors, the push button tr'olled by the manually operable lever'86 are provided. 'I'he closure of switch 9| completes an initial energizing circuit for Ithe solenoid |43 l which'thereupon closes the .switch |40 to start the motors-2| and 44. Solenoid |40A4 also closes a switch |44 to complete a maintaining circuit switches 9| and 92, coni for itself independent of the switch 9| and the initial starting circuit. The maintaining circuit includes the normally closed switches 92 and |24 operable respectively by the manual control lever 86 and the automatic stroke counting mechanism. The opening of either of these-switches deenerf gizes solenoid |43 thereby stopping the motors^2| and 44. -As it is desirable tostop the motor 44 quickly whenever its circuit is opened. the motor u als may conveniently be provided with a shunt'brake 44 of any suitablel type.

` Connection of the pressure fluid pump motor 40 with the power line |42 is effected by a switch |45 which, as herein shown, is closed by the energizatlon of a solenoid |46. Initial energization of the solenoid may be eifectcd by the closure of a push button switch |41 and the solenoid, on energizing, completes a maintaining circuit over a switch |48. Included in the maintaining circuit is anormally closed switch |49 which may be opened manually to stopthe motor 40.

In the preferred form of the machine compris'- in'g the invention, pressure fluid for actuating the hydraulic valve |09 is supplied by the high-pressure pump 30"and pressure iluid for driving the rotary iluid motor 35 and for reciprocating the plunger 60 is supplied by the low-pressure -pump 39. Both pumps are driven by electric motor 40. The pump 39 is provided with an intake duct |50 through which fluid is drawn from a reservoir or sump |5|, and a discharge duct |52 terminating at one port of the valve |08. With the valve |08 in the position shown in the drawings, pressure fluid discharged through the duct. 52 is delivered by way of a duct |53 to a cylinder |54v in the left end of the hydraulic valve |09. A plunger |55 constituting the valve mechanism is thus v shifted to the position shown in the drawings, to control the delivery of pressure fluid to the motor 35. At the same time, spent fluid froma similar cylinder |56 in the right end of the hydraulic valve is discharged through a duct |51 and'valve |08 and returned to the sump |5| through a spent fluid duct |58. It will be apparentl that the reversal of the valve |08 incident to the shifting, of the cam block |06 willI reverse the hydraulic connections between the pump 39' and the valve |09. Accordingly, pressure iluid will be introduced into cylinder |56 and cylinder |54 will bcconnected to the spent fluid duct |58 with a refsultant shifting of the valve plunger |55 to the le t. Low pressure. pump 38, by which pressure uid for operating the hydraulic motor 35 .is supplied, draws iluid from the sump |5| through a duct |59 and discharges it through a pressure duct |80. Interposed in the duct system between the pump and the hydraulic valve |09 is the stop valve 99 by which the starting and stopping of the motor 35 is controlled manually or automatically as hereinbefore explained. With the valve 99 in the stop position as shown in the drawings, pressure duct |60 is connected with the spent fluid duct |58 and the pressure fluid delivered by the pump 39 is discharged into the sump |5|. When the Valve plunger 08 is shifted to running position, pressure fluid is supplied through a duct |6| and valve |09 to the hydraulic motor 35.

The. position of the valve plunger |55 in the hydraulic valve |09 determines the direction of rotation of the motor 35. With the plunger in the position illustrated, pressure uid delivered through duct |6| is introduced into the motor 35 through a duct |62 and the motor rotates its shaft in a clockwise direction. Simultaneously, the pressure iluid delivered through the duct |62 is supplied by way of a branch duct |63 to the right end of the indexing cylinder 62 and plunger 60 is shifted to the left. Spent pressure fluid from the motor 35 is discharged through a duct |64, valve |09 and the duct |58 to the sump |5|. Likewise spent pressure fluid from the cylinder 62 is discharged through a branch duct |65 connecting between the duct |64 and the left end of the cylinder 62.

Upon reversal of the hydraulic valve |09 incident to-the reversal of the valve |08 as hereinbefore explained, thehydraulic circuits of the motor 35-and indexing cylinder 62 are reversed. Pressure fluid delivered through the duct |6| is thus supplied to the motor 35V through the duct |64 and thevmotor rotates its shaft in a counterclockwise direction.4v Likewise, pressurefluid is introduced into the left end of the indexing cylinder 62 and' plunger 60 is thus shifted to the right as viewed in the drawings. Spent pressure uid 4from the motor and indexingcylinder is returned to thesump |5| by Way of the ducts |62, |63 and |58.

Having in mind the foregoing detailed description ,of the preferred embodiment, the operation of the combined honing and lapping machine comprising the invention will be readily understood. In operating the machlne, 'the lirst step, of course, is to set up the work I6 on the work support. This is greatly facilitated by the provision of the adjustable work supports 5. The work may thus be quickly set up inexact axial alinement with the tool spindle wit-h a' minimum amount of labor.

After the work is set up, the tool 30 is adjusted' to the required size While supported in the open cradle |32 of the tool rest. It is understood, of course, that at this time thetool spindle carriage will be in its extreme withdrawn position and that the various driving motors will be inactive. i

Assuming that the work vis to be'given a honing operation first and then li'nished with a lapping operation, clutch control lever 'I8 will be rocked to the left to operatively connect the spindle rotating means with the drive shaft 32. The various stops |02', |03 and |04 will be set in their proper positions on tliemain control rod |0|, so that stops |02 and |04 denc the limits of the working stroke of the tool. Stop will also be positioned on the auxiliary control rod 0, the-position being slightly in advance of the stop |04 so that it will be eifcctive to stop the machine substantially simultaneously with the engagement of stop |04 by the lug |05 in the final stroke of the tool. Finally, the stroke counter |22 will be set to determine the number of strokes to be given the work. v

With the machine set as above described, the various motors may be started. Closure of the push button switch |41 starts the pressure fluid pump motor 40 and closure of the switch 9| starts the spindle drive motor 44 and coolant pump motor 2|. The latter switch is actuated by rocking the manual control lever 86 toward the-machine and the simultaneous rocking of this lever to the left as viewed in Fig. l shifts the stop valve 98 to open or running position. Fluid motor 35 thereupon operates to move the spindle carriage 25 toward the work and the tool 30, which is now rotated by the motor 44, enters the work. The spindle carriage lug |05 engages stop |04 as thev tool enters the work but is ineffective at this time by reason of the yieldable construction of the stop.

As the tool approaches the end of the work, the spindle carriage lug |05 engages the stop |02, shifting control rod |0| and its associated cam plate |00 to the left, thereby reversing the valve |08. Valve |08'reverses the pressure fluid connections to hydraulic valve |09 and the latter valve is accordingly shifted to reverse position.

The direction of rotation of the -uid motor 35 is thus reversed and the spindle carriage is moved toward the driving end of the machine. As the tool again approaches the end of the work, stop |04 is engaged and shifts the control rod IDI to the right, thereby returning vthe valve |08 to its original position. Hydraulic valve |09 reverses the pressure fluid connections to the motor 35 switch |26 to stop the spindle drive motor 56 and, by the actuation of the sleeve 89, stop valve 99 is shifted to closed position to stop the spindle carriage reciprocating motor 35. The tool is thus brought to rest within the work and at the entering end thereof.

The machine may now be set for the lapping operation by rocking the lever T8 so as to engage the indexing mechanism with the spindle drive shaft. The honing tool is withdrawn from the work and onto the tool rest and replaced by a lapping tool of any suitable type. It will be obvious that Aat the end of the honing operation,

the interior diameter of the work will be somewhat greater thanthe original diameter. Ac-

cordingly, before the lapping tool is entered into.

thework, the cradle |32 may be lbwered to bring it into exact alinement with the new surface of the work so that the tool may be inserted without the slightest tilting. Withdrawal of the tool at the completion of the operation is controlled manually through lthe manipulation of the stop bars IDI and lldthus insuring careful removal' of the tool., A

'I'he final straight line lapping operation in any case may'bevcarried out without necessitat- 1 lng any change inthe set-up of the work. To

set the machinefgr the lapping operation, the control lever 18 is rocked to the. right thereby disengaging the spindle rotating means from the drivesha'ft 32 Vand operatively associating, the

Y indexing mechanism therewith. The various mq- `plate 84 is actuated pawl t!v is disengaged from f the ratchet wheel 61 and the shaft 32 -is indexed tors (except the tpindlev rotating motor M which is not operatedin the lapping operation) are started in exactly. the same manner .as for the honing operation and the stroke counter may likewise be set to determine the number of operating strokes. The tool is accordingly reciprocated inthe work and. at the end of each stroke is indexed so as to bring dier'ent areas of the tool and work-into engagement. If it is desired.

to indexv the tool only'on each alternate stroke', one or the other of the cam plates 8l or 8l* is ,shifted inwardly to disable the associated pawl mechanism by which the. indexing movement is imparted to the drive shaft 32.` 'I'hus whencam only at thetermination-of the inward stroke of the tool. The actuation of cam plate-IIn disables pawl 10 so that indexing takes place only at the termination ofthe outward stroke of the tool.

At the end of lthe lapping operation, the mai chine may be stopped by the-stroke counting mechanism which operates in the manner hereinbefore explained in connection with the honing operation'. Likewise the withdrawal of the tool from the work is the same as heretofore described.

It will be apparent from the foregoing that I have provided an improved machine by which the internal surfaces of hollow tubes or cylinders of substantial length may be finished to exact dimensions and with an exceedingly smooth true surface. The work may'be honed initially to remove a substantial amount of metal from the surface and to produce a smooth, true surface and then lapped to produce a longitudinally striated surface -with a single setting up operation. Moreover, the machine may be conditioned for either operation by simply actuating a manually operable lever, no replacement or interchange of parts being required. 'The ma'chine is stopped automatically when the work has been given the required number of strokes, the tool being brought to rest at the mouth of the work so that it can readily be withdrawn without marri'ng the same. Further, certain of the mechanisms and devices which in their combined form constitute the improved honing and lapping machine include novel and advantageous structural features which contribute to the increased efficiency and reliability 1 of the machine. Among these' are an improved tool rest by-which the tool is accurately guided into and out of the work and supported so as to be completely accessible for inspection or adjustment when withdrawn from the work. I have also provided an indexing mechanism of advantageous character whereby the tool\may lbe'indexed at either or bothends of the stroke as required and in timed relation thereto. Y

I claim as my'inv'ention: l

1. Acombined honing and-lapping machine having a work support and a tool support, means' for reciprocating one of'said supports, and means operable selectively vto impart either a continuous rotary motion to the tool support or a step-bystep rotative movement thereto. f'

2. A combined honing and lapping machine having a work support and a tool support, means for reciprocating one of said supports, means for rotating said tool support continuously, means for rotating said tool support in intermittent non-uniform steps, and means selectively operable to render Veither of said. means effective.

3. A machine for honing or lapping internal cylindrical surfaces comprising, in combination,

an elongated frame, a canrlage supported on the frame for movement longitudinally thereof, a tool spindle journaled in the carriage and movable therewith.' an abrasive tool carried `by the spindle, means' for supporting work to be operated on by the tool, means for reciprocating the carriage and tool spindle, a first driving means for rotating the tool spindle continuously during its reciprocation, asecond driving means for rotating the tool spindle intermittently in timed relation to its reciprocation, and means for operatively associating either drive means with the tool spindle to the exclusion of the other drive means. 1

4.*A' machine for honing or lapping internal cylindrical surfaces comprising, in combination, an elongated frame, a, carriage supported on the -frame for movement longitudinally thereof, a tool spindle journaled in the carriage and movable therewith, an abrasive tool carried by the spindle, means for supporting work to be operated-on by the tool, `means for reciprocating the carriage and tool spindle, driving means for rotating the tion, and means' for operatively connecting either -drive'means with the tool spindle, said last means comprising single connecting element drivingly connected with the tool spindle and shiftable into operative relation vwith either driving means.

5. A machine for honing or 'lapping internal cylindrical surfaces comprising, in combination, an elongated frame, a carriage supported on the frame for movement longitudinally thereof, a tool spindle journaled in the carriage and movable therewith, an abrasive tool carried by the spindle, means* for supporting work to be operated on by the tool, means li'or reciprocating the carriage and tool spindle, a first driving means including an electric motor for rotating the tool spindle continuousiy during its reeiprocation, a second driving means including a hydraulic motor for rotating the'tool spindle intermittently in'timed relation to its reciprocation and means for selectively connecting either drive means with the tool spindle.

6. A- machine for honing or lapping internal cylindrical surfaces comprising, in combination, an 'elongated frame, a carriage supported onvthe frame for movement longitudinally thereof, a tool spindle journaledinthe carriage and movable therewith, an abrasive tool carried by the spindle, means for supporting work to be operatedon by the tool, means for reciprocating the carriage and tool spindle, a splined shaft journaled in the frame substantially parallel to the reciprocating path of the carriage, a train of gears on the carriage operatively connecting the splined shaft with the tool spindle, one of said gears being mounted on the shaft in slidable non-rotative relation thereto and another'of rsaid gears -being fast on the tool spindle, and driving means mounted on the frame and adapted to be selec# tively connected to said shaft to rotate-the same continuously during the reciprocation of the carriage or to rotate the shaft intermittently in timed relation to the reeiprocation of the car-` `'1. A machine forhoning or lapping internal. cylindrical 'surfaces comprising, in combination, an elongated frame, a carriage supported on the frame for movement longitudinally thereof, a

tool spindle journaledin the carriage and movable therewith, an abrasive tool carried by the spindle, means for supporting work to be operated on by the tool, means for reciprocating theY carriage and tool spindle, a. splined shaft lournaled in the frame substantially'parallel to the reciprocating path of the carriage, a' train'of gears on the carriage operatively connecting the splinedlshaft with the tool spindle, one of said gears being mounted on the shaft in slidable nonrotative relation thereto and another of said gears being fast on the tool spindle, and driving means mounted on the frame and adapted to be selectively connected to sai'dshaft .to rotate the same continuously during the reeiprocation of the carriage or to'rbtate the shaft intermittentlyy in timed relation to the reciprocat'ion of the carriag, saiddriving means including an electric timed relation to its reeiprocation comprising, in combination, a hydraulic cylinder, a piston reciprocable in the cylinder, means for supplying vpressure fluid to opposite ends ofthe cylinder alternately to reciprocate the piston, a plunger carried by saidpiston, and one-way connecting devices for operatively connecting the plunger and the tool spindle whereby unidirectional rotative motion is imparted to the tool spindle on each stroke of the piston, one of said devices providing a driving connection between the plunger and the tool spindle on the outward stroke of the piston and the other of said devices providing a driving connection between the plunger and the tool spindle on the inward stroke of the piston.

9. Mechanismcfor intermittently rotating the reciprocatory tool spindle of a machine tool in timed relation to its reeiprocation comprising, in combination, a hydraulic cylinder, a piston reciprocable in the cylinder, meansfor supplying pressure fluid .to opposite endsof the cylinder alternately to4 reciprocate the piston, a plunger carried by said piston, and one-way connecting devices for operatively connecting the plunger and the tool spindle whereby unidirectional otative motion is imparted to the tool spindle on each stroke of the piston, one of said devices providng a-driving connection between the plunger and the tool spindle on the outward stroke of the piston and the other of said devices providing a driving connection between the plunger and the tool spindle on the inward stroke of the piston, and means selectively operable to render either of said devices ineffective.

10. Mechanism for intermittently rotating the reciprocatory tool spindle of a machine tool in timed relation to its reeiprocation comprising, in combination, a hydraulic cylinder, a piston in the cylinder, means for supplying pressure iiuld to the cylinder to reciprocate the piston, and

' unidirectional rotary motion is imparted to the tool spindle on each stroke of the piston, said means including a pair ofk pawl and ratchet .devices effective respectively on alternate strokes of the piston to complete the driving connection.

11. Mechanism for intermittently rotating the reciprocatory tool spindle of a machine tool in timed relation to its reeiprocation comprising, in combination, a hydraulic cylinder, a piston in the cylinder, meansfor supplying pressure fluid to the cylinder to reciprocate the piston, and' means providing a driving connection whereby unldirectional rotary motion is imparted to the tool spindle on each stroke of the piston, said means including a drive shaft drivingly connected with the tool spindle, apair of gears rotatively supported on the drive shaft, a ratchet wheel supported on the drive shaft and adapted to be nonrotatively secured thereto, a pawl carried by each -of said gears and adapted to engage said ratchet wheelto impart unidirectional rotation thereto, and a driving connection between the piston and said gears'whereby the gears are simultaneously the piston.

means operative to impart rotative movement to 'the spindle at one end of its stroke, meansy operative to impart rotative movement to the spindle 'at the other end of its stroke, and manually operrotated'in opposite directions on each stroke of spindle at the other end of its stroke, and selectively operable means for shifting either of said pawls out of engagement with said ratchet wheel to prevent rotation of the tool spindle at one end of its Stroke.

14. Mechanism for indexing the reciprocatory tool spindle of a machine tool in timed relation to its reciprocation comprising, in combination, a ratchet wheel :and means operatively connecting it With the tool spindle, a pawl adapted to engage said ratchet Wheel to impart a rotative movement to the tool spindle at one end of its stroke, a second pawl adapted to engage said ratchet Wheel to impart rotative movement to the tool spindle at the other end of its stroke,

^ and means for actuating said pawls.

15. A honing and lapping machine having, in combination, a reciprocatory carriage, a tool spindle journaled in said carriage, means for reciprocating the carriage and tool spindle, and means for imparting non-uniform rotative steps to the tool spindlein timed relation to its re`- ciprocation.

16. Control mechanism for a honing and lapping machine having a reciprocable tool spindle carriage, said mechanism comprising, in combination, a main control rod adapted to cooperate with the carriage to control the reciprocation thereof, an auxiliary control rod adaptedto cooperate With the carriage to interrupt the reciprocation thereof, and a counting mechanism actuated by said main control rod to count the reciprocations of the carriage and operative at the end of a predetermined number of carriage reciprocations to initiate the operation of s aid vauxiliary control. rod.

17. Control mechanism for a honing and lapping machine having a reciprocable tool spindle carriage, said mechanism comprising, in combination, a main control rod having'spaced stops adapted to cooperate With the carriage to dene the limits of 'carriage travel, an auxiliary control rod having a stop adapted to cooperate with the carriage to interrupt the reciprocation-thereof, and a counting mechanism actuated by said main control rod to count the reciprocations of the carriage and operative at the end of a predetermined number of carriage reciprocations to bring the stop of said auxiliary control rod into 'cooperative relation with the carriage.

18. Control mechanism for a honing and lap ping machine having a reciprocable tool spindle carriage, said mechanism comprising, in combination, a main control rod having vspaced stops adapted respectively to be engaged by the carriage at opposite ends of the stroke thereof to dene thelimits of carriage travel, anl auxiliary control rod having a stop adapted to be engaged by the carriage in one stroke thereof im-v mediately prior to the engagement of the stop -of the main control rod and thereby interrupt the reciprocation of the carriage before the main control rod is actuated, and a counting mechanism adapted to count the reciprocations of the carriage and operative at the end of a predeterminednumber of carriage strokes to shift the stop of said auxiliary control rod into position for engagement by said carriage.

19. Control mechanism for a honing and lapping machine having a reciprocable tool spindle carriage, said mechanism comprising, in combination, a main control rod adapted to be shifted alternately in opposite directions by the carriage to control the reciprocation thereof, an auxiliary control rod adapted to be shifted in one direction by the carriage to interrupt the reciprocation thereof, a counting mechanism actuated by said main control rod to register the number of carriage reciprocations and operative incident to the registration of a particular number of reciprocations to initiate the shifting of said auxiliary control rod, means for shifting said auxiliary control rod back to normal vposition independent of the carriage, and means aotuated by said auxiliary control rod in its return tonormal position to efface the registration of said counting mechanism.

20. A machine vfor honing and lapping', an internal cylindrical surface in a single setting of the work comprising, in combination, a`cylindrical abrasive tool, means for reciprocating and continuously ,rotating the tool in the work to hone the same, means for reciprocating and intermittently rotating the tool in the Work to lap 'the same, andmeans for automatically stopping the tool Within the work at the end of each operation, said `means including mechanism for counting the strokes of the tool and for 'inrrupting the reciprocation and rotation of the tool at the end of a predetermined number of strokes. i

21. A machine for honing and lapping an internal cylindrical surface in a single setting of the machine comprising, in combination, a cylindrical abrasive tool, means for reciprocating and continuously rotating said tool in the work, means for reciprocating and intermittently rotating the tool within the work, means selective- -ly operable to render either of said means operative, mechanism for counting the number of tool strokes in either of said operations, and means controlled by said mechanism for interrupting the reciprocation and rotation of the tool l to bring the same to rest within the work at the end of one operation whereby the other operation may be initiated without resetting the maf 22. A machine for honing or lapping internal cylindrical surfaces comprising, in combination, a horizontally disposed elongated frame, a carriage supported on the frame for movement longitudinally thereof, atool spindle .journaled in cylindrical surfaces comprising, in combination,

a horizontally disposed elongated frame, a carriage supported on the frame for movement longitudinally thereof, atool spindle journaled in the carriage and movable therewith, an abrasive tool carried by the spindle, means for supporting work to be operated on by the tool, means for reciprocating the tool within the work, a manual operator for initiating and interrupting said reciprocation, means for counting the number of strokes of the tool, and means operated by said countinglmeans at the end of a' predetermined number of ,strokes lof the tool for automatically actuating said manual operator to interrupt the reciprocation thereof.

24. A machine for honing or lapping internal cylindrical surfaces comprising, in combination,

reciprocation, means ior counting the number of strokes of the tool, means operatedby said counting4 means at the end of a predeterminednumber of strokes of the` tool for automatically actuating said manual operator to interrupt the reciprocation thereof, and means for automatically restoring said counting means and said automatic actuatingmeans to normal condition.

25. A mechanism forhoning or lapping internal cylindrical surfaces comprising, in combination,

a horizontally disposed elongated frame, a car.

riage supported on the frame for movement longitudinally thereof, a tool spindle journaled in the carriage and movable therewith, an abrasive tool carried by the spindle, means for supporting work to be operated on by the tool, means for rotating and reciprocating the tool within the work, .means for counting the number of strokes of the tool, and means controlled by said counting meansfor simultaneously interrupting said reciprocation and said rotation at the end oi' a predetermined number of strokes. said interrupting means being arranged to stop the tool at the point at which it first operatively engaged the work.

26. .In a honing machine, the combination of a reciprocating can'iage, a rotatable spindle Journaled in the carriage and reciprocable therewith, an abrasive t'ool carried by the spindle, means for supporting work to be operated on by the tool, and means for guiding the tool into and out vof the work including a cradle having an upwardly opening semi-cylindrical channel adapted to receive the tool, a base for supporting the cradle, and means for adjusting the position of said cradle relative to the work by effecting a relative movement between the cradle and said'base.

27. In a machine for finishing internal cylin- 'drical surfaces, `the combination of a reciprocating carriage, a rotatable spindle iournald in the carriage and reciprocable therewith, an abrasive tool yieldably carried by the spindle, means for supporting work to be operated on by the tool, and means for guiding the tool intoand out of' the work including an lupwardly opening cradlek adapted to receive the tool.` a base for supporting l the cradle, and'meansfor adjusting the position of the cradle to aline the tool with the surface of .the work to be operated on, said adjusting means including inclined coacting surfaces. on said cradle and said base, respectively.

28. In a honing machine, the combinationof a reciprocating carriage, a rotatable spindle journaled in the carriage and reciprocable therewith'I an abrasive tool carried by the spindle, means for supporting work to be operated on .by the' tool, and means for guiding the tool into and out of the work including a cradle having an upwardlyr opening semi-cylindrical channel adapted to receive the tool, a base for supporting the cradle, and means for adjusting the position of vsaid Acradle relative to the work by effecting a relative movement between the cradle and said base, said adjusting means including an inclined dovetail` slot connection between the cradle and the base.

29. In a honing machine, the combination of a y reciprocating carriage, -a rotatable spindle journaled in the vcarriage and reciprocable therewith, an abrasive t'ool carried by the spindle, means for supporting work to be operated on by the tool, and means for guiding the tool into and out of the work including a cradle having an upwardly opening semi-cylindrical channel adapted to receive the tool, a baseforsupporting the cradle, means for adjusting the position of the cradle axially of the work lby simultaneously `shifting the cradle and the base, and means for adjusting the position of the cradle transversely of the axis of the work by shifting the cradle relative to the base.

30. A machine for finishing the internal surfaces of hollow cylinders comprising', in combination, a reciprocable carriage, a spindle supported at one end of said carriage and carrying an abrasive tool at the other end, means for supporting a cylinder in position to be operated on by the tool, means for imparting substantially shockless rerelation to said drum, and a cable passing oversaid drum and said sheave and anchored at both ends to saidv carriage, and means operating in timed relation to the rotation of'said drum for imparting a quick step-by-step rotative movement to thetool spindle at the end of a stroke to bring different surfaces of the tool and cylinder into engagement in the next stroke of the tool.

3l. A machine for inishing the internal surfacesff hollow cylinders, comprising, in combination, an elongated base, a spindle carriage mounted for reciprocation at one end of the base, aspindle supported at one end on said carriage and carrying an abrasive tool at the other end, means on the base for supporting a cylinder in position to be operated on by the tool, means for reciprocating the spindle parriage to reciprocate the tool within 'the work, said reciprocating means .comprising a rotary hydraulic motor, a drum iournaled in a housing at one end of the base and alternately rotated in opposite directionsby said motor, a sheave yieldably supported on said base in spaced relation to said drum, and a cable passing over said drum and said sheave and anchored at both ends to said carriage, and means mounted o n said housing and operating in timed relation to the `rotation of said hydraulic motor for imated means operating in timedl relation to said u 'ciprocation to said carriage to reciprocate the tool movement to saidtool at the end of one stroke to bring dierent surface areas of the tool and cyl- V.inder into position for engagement in the succeeding stroke.

33. In a. machine'for dressing ciflindrical surlfaces, incombination, a support for work to be dressed, an abrasive tool for dressing the work, f

a support for said tool, means for reciprocating one of said supports relative to the other to cause the tool to operate upon the Work, and means operable selectively to impart either a continuous rotary motion or a step-by-step rotative move- 5 ment to one of said supports.

ALBERT M. JOHNSON. 

